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April 30, 2006

United 93

In reviews of Paul Greengrass' United 93 (IMDB), there is a tendency to begin the review by invoking the politics of representing 9/11. Writing in the Village Voice, Dennis Lim explains that the film has been discussed "almost as if it were itself some kind of terror attack." Meanwhile Manhola Dargis comments in The New York Times that United 93 is "persuasively narrated [and] scrupulously tasteful," implicitly seeking to assure audiences that the film is not exploiting the tragedy. As Dana Stevens points out, these reviews and others like them illustrate "the discomfort that we still feel about representations of that dreadful day." And United 93 and its reception clearly points to the degree to which these questions are unresolved and will likely remain unresolved for some time. When I've discussed United 93, I've argued that these questions have less to do with "readiness" and more to do with "appropriateness," about how the story gets told.

Greengrass approaches the material with what can best be described as a docu-thriller style. Using handheld cameras and other verite techniques, United 93 positions itself as presently history as it really happened. While Greengrass is careful to emphasize that we don't know with any certainty exactly what happened on the plane, the film positions itself as offering an authentic historical narrative, one that in Greengrass' terms depicts "the DNA of our times." But as Paul Farhi of The Washington Post points out, United 93 does go far beyond what we know about the attacks, and it's worth asking how the film's "plausible truth" will contribute to the national narrative of September 11, a debate that is most explicitly felt around the decision to change the title card at the conclusion of the film. As Lim points out, the title card originally read "America's war on terror had begun," suggesting a Bush-style memorialization of the war, but the new title card ("Dedicated to the memory of all those who lost their lives on September 11, 2001.") recasts the story slightly, suggesting a more somber memorialization.

At the same time, the film deploys many of the techniques of an action thriller, cutting quickly between the various scenes of action: the cockpit and the passenger area, but also the air traffic control centers in New York and Boston, as well as the NORAD defense center. The establishing sequences, designed to suggest that September 11 began as "just another day," set up the passengers as everyday people with normal lives who are just trying to get home to their families (that the passengers are always characterized in terms of family and not other forms of identity also seems significant). However, the film underplays the action elements. Todd Beamer's famous line, "Let's roll," was underplayed, spoken almost as an aside rather than the "rally the troops" moment it became in subsequent representations of 9/11. In addition, unlike most thrillers, we already know what happens, which for me only increased the tension of watching as I anticipated the inevitable events that were about to unfold. My response to this mixture was one of cognitive and emotional dissonance, which may be part of the point. The experience of watching the film was utterly grueling, the tension provoked by the film still palpable the following morning. This tension was reinforced by the use of the shaky camera and the use of an approximately real-time narrative.

It's worth noting that discussions of the film have provoked conversations about the social and political "role" of the cinema in representing history. The question asking whether audiences are "ready" for a film about 9/11 is a complicated one, and given that I saw the film in a half-empty theater, it may be the case that many people are still resistant to revisiting these tragic events, and if the Box Office Mojo numbers are any indication ($3.8 million on Friday), it appears that the film isn't finding a terribly wide audience. United 93 is a difficult film to watch, as my review indicates. Last night, I would have emphatically recommended not seeing it, but this morning, my response is a little more tempered. I think the film should be commended for avoiding easy answers, but I remain uncertain about what, if anything, the film has added to our national conversation about September 11.

Posted by chuck at April 30, 2006 11:13 AM

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Comments

I'm seeing it tomorrow, and yet I feel like I could already write a review of the film. I know that it will be harrowing and very difficult to watch, and that its lack of politics will itself make a statement. Like you say, I can't imagine that it will necessarily add anything to the conversation (unless it becomes accepted as fact, which would only happen if it were a box office phenomenon).

I'm guessing that its value will be of a personal sort; forcing people to relive the events, to recall their feelings from the day itself. It may not be necessary, in other words, but it may be useful. I'm looking forward to objectively examining its subjective effect on me, as best as I can.

Posted by: dvd at May 1, 2006 2:21 AM

That's a really interesting read, and I think you probably *could* write a review without seeing the film. Watching was surprisingly painful, and I felt incredibly tense afterwards. The audience where I saw the movie was almost completely silent afterwards, except for a small number of people who were crying. In this sense, the film seemed to focus on "forcing the audience to relive" that day (this may have added to the weird dissonance for me--I saw none of the 9/11 events live on TV because I had no TV reception at the time).

From what I can observe, audiences have generally chosen to stay away from the film. While it will likely turn a profit--it has made $11 million towards a $15 million budget--United 93 hardly felt like a definitive national (or international) depiction of September 11 or even that particular hijacking. It makes me wonder if any cultural text can take on that role. Are we too fragmented politically, socially, etc? Or more likely, has cinema lost its cultural centrality because of the vast array of media and because of film's smaller audiences, especially in theaters?

I'll be interested to see what you have to say about the film. I thought about subtitling this review "notes towards a non-review," because I'm still not sure I've managed to describe my experience of watching it in any kind of adequate way.

Posted by: Chuck at May 1, 2006 9:46 AM

United 93
What can be said of the movie but it compels you to think of.. is there a voice for Muslims out there. This fictionalized docu-drama (which is portrayed as blatant truth) would do much harm than good in a world full of chaotic confusion and conspiracy theories. The movie begins with the backdrop of Quranic verses and the terrorists are portrayed as fervent blinded followers of a satanic doctrine which motivates them to bomb passenger carriers across U.S as their zealous offering towards the end ( if not spelled out the undertone does exactly the same). The graphic details although the studio proclaims were based on the telephone conversation the deceased had with their loved ones; inasmuch Hollywood gimmickry depicted makes you think as if the director was their in person on this ill fated flight!!!! WHY? Is the question emerged in my mind as I was sitting in the theatre, in a painful world today where there is a dire need of caution to vent out bitter truth should half truth be echoed. The portrayal of Islam as a faith in the movie would make any half literate of the faith feel confounded and in two minds leave alone western audience to whom the alienation of Islam horrifies already. My attempt is no way to defend the perpetrators of the satanic act on humanity, but the fact remains there are a lot more socio-political equations behind the tragedy , and the graphic portrayal (fictionalized even partly) without comprehending the totality of related issues would only widen the gap between Islam and West.

Posted by: Shariq Faraz at July 10, 2006 3:14 AM

Shariq, I think you're right that the film should have presented Islam in a far more nuanced fashion, and that has been my objection to United 93 ever since the film project was announced. I think there are some more subtle films out there, such as The Road to Guantanamo, but one has to wonder what kinds of audiences both films have received or will receive.

Posted by: Chuck at July 10, 2006 5:31 PM

Well I happened to be one of the audiences of this quite painful saga of Tipton 'lads i.e The road to Guintanamo. The subject in my view has been quite "juiced out" if I may say so, from Army translators to privates who claiming post Vietnam like hallucinations (remember Eric Saar—behind the wires) after their duty stints at this human disgrace workshop in Cuba were moved to fill in their personal diaries of painful recalls ….and obviously being penny wise compelled to make them available for a price on Amazon later. In terms of audiences who might watch these contemporary flicks around man made disaster (man in this case our good ole Dubya!!) I think both people who are inquisitively puzzled about the faith of “ beards and veils” as media portrays Islam and also Muslims who might see themselves victimised in some shape or form with the current (quite debatable )“war of civilisations” would que up at the ticket counters. RT Guintanamo ironically affirms what is currently happening in the Lebanese genocide that is you have a fair chance of meeting justice should you hold western passport , nothing to worry warships and planes will come to take you home, and even Zionists would halt their armoury for a while in order for your safe haven ..and who cares about the foreign leftovers who were not fortunate to have dual western citizenship . Guintanamo shows after the grilling and must say sorry over deal of Tipton lads. they find themselves being referred as KINGS and treated on to pizzas and sodas courtesy US Army (that is after being given clean chit from UK home office to appease pressure groups and relatives of these young men) and finally sent back home ..While the other unfortunates (who again did had any allegiance to west, passports precisely) still being made captive. I think this again is an attempt to say truth but a half hearted one, should the producers of Film Four really wanted to put the point objectively across, at least one out of the many suicides committed in these horror cells would have found a mention in this so called documentary….. just makes you think isn’t documentary based on facts!!!!!!

Posted by: Shariq Faraz at July 23, 2006 9:00 AM

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